All of the following statements apply to malignant melanoma except that it is the most common type of skin cancer. Malignant melanoma is a serious type of skin cancer that can be fatal if not treated early. It is caused by the uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, which are the cells that produce melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color.
Malignant melanoma can occur anywhere on the body, but it is most common on the back, chest, and legs.
The exact cause of malignant melanoma is unknown, but it is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds is the most significant risk factor for developing malignant melanoma.
Other risk factors include having fair skin, a family history of malignant melanoma, and a weakened immune system.
Malignant Melanoma
Malignant melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer, is a highly aggressive and potentially fatal disease. Understanding its causes, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention is crucial for effective management.
Etiology and Risk Factors, All of the following statements apply to malignant melanoma except
The primary cause of malignant melanoma is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or tanning beds. Other risk factors include:
- Fair skin, light-colored eyes, and red or blonde hair
- Multiple or atypical moles
- Family history of melanoma
- Genetic mutations, such as the BRAF and NRAS genes
- Immunosuppression
Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis
Malignant melanoma typically presents as an irregular, pigmented lesion on the skin. The ABCDE criteria are commonly used to assess suspicious lesions:
- Asymmetry
- Border irregularity
- Color variation
- Diameter greater than 6 mm
- Evolution (changes in size, shape, or color over time)
Diagnosis is confirmed through a biopsy, where a sample of the lesion is examined under a microscope.
Treatment and Management
Treatment options for malignant melanoma depend on the stage of the disease:
- Early-stage melanoma:Surgical excision with clear margins
- Advanced melanoma:Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy
Adjuvant therapy (after surgery) and immunotherapy may be used to improve outcomes.
Prognosis and Outcomes
The prognosis of malignant melanoma is influenced by factors such as:
- Stage at diagnosis
- Tumor thickness
- Patient age
Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving survival rates.
Prevention and Screening
Prevention measures include:
- Sun protection (sunscreen, clothing, hats)
- Avoiding tanning beds
- Regular skin self-exams
Screening by a dermatologist can help detect and diagnose malignant melanoma early.
FAQ Summary: All Of The Following Statements Apply To Malignant Melanoma Except
What are the symptoms of malignant melanoma?
The most common symptom of malignant melanoma is a change in the size, shape, or color of a mole. Other symptoms include bleeding, itching, or crusting of a mole.
How is malignant melanoma treated?
Malignant melanoma is treated with surgery to remove the tumor. In some cases, radiation therapy or chemotherapy may also be used.
What is the prognosis for malignant melanoma?
The prognosis for malignant melanoma depends on the stage of the cancer at the time of diagnosis. The earlier the cancer is diagnosed and treated, the better the prognosis.
